OpenWRT on PVE and using LET dongle for WAN6

• Download OpenWRT images (squashfs-combined.img) from https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/
• De-compress by using, "gzip -d <openwrt-xxx-img.gz>"
• Upload to PVE as iso image
• Follow this page for creating an OpenWRT VM, https://optimus-xs.github.io/posts/install-openwrt-in-pve/
• On PVE web UI, add a network interface for temporary WAN access
• On OpenWRT web UI, update software list
• Install quem-ga so that network info can be shown on PVE web UI
• On PVE UI, add LTE dongle to OpenWRT VM
• On OpenWRT, install usbutis for lsusb. 
  opkg install usbutils 
• On OpenWRT, install minicom. 
  opkg install minicom
• On OpenWRT, install following packages for Huawei LTD dongle 
  opkg install comgt-ncm kmod-usb-net-huawei-cdc-ncm usb-modeswitch
• Check there are ttyUSBx device nodes
• Follow this page to connect to mobile network, https://techship.com/faq/how-to-activate-the-data-connection-for-huawei-cellular-usb-sticks-ms2372-series-using-the-ncm-network-interface-in-linux/
• On openWRT UI, add a new WAN interface by selecting device as "wwan0" and protocol as "dhcp"

Properly add 3rd party app repo to apt source list

When you try installing packages from third-party repositories on recent Ubuntu you will be seeing a warning message about 'apt-key being deprecated'. This article is to share how to properly add 3rd party package report into apt source list.

The installation steps recommended by AnyDesk page says:

- add repository key to Trusted software providers list

wget -qO - https://keys.anydesk.com/repos/DEB-GPG-KEY | apt-key add -

- add the repository:

echo "deb http://deb.anydesk.com/ all main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/anydesk-stable.list

- update apt cache:

apt update

- install anydesk:

apt install anydesk

The new way of adding 3rd party report should be:

- add anydesk repo key to keyrings folder

wget -q0 -  https://keys.anydesk.com/repos/DEB-GPG-KEY | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/anydesk.gpg

- add anydesk source list to folder

echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/anydesk.gpg] http://deb.anydesk.com/ all main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/source.list.d/anydesk.list

Reference:

• Handling “apt-key is deprecated. Manage keyring files in trusted.gpg.d instead” in Ubuntu Linux
• AnyDesk DEB repository how-to

RSYNC backup

Command line for local backup, no compression for faster transfer rate:

#rsync -avhP --verify-append source/folder dest/folder > xyz.log & disown

By using disown rsync process can still running when logout.

Run Zerotier on Ubuntu 20.04 desktop

1. Use the following command to install zerotier-one:
   

   sudo snap install zerotier-one

2. Use the following command to install zerotier-one:
   

   sudo snap connect zerotier-one:network-control

3. Join zerotier virtual network:
   

   sudo zerotier-one:zerotier-cli join <network-id>

Migrate Ubuntu 20.04 on ZFS from 1TB SSD to 2TB SDD

1. Use "gdisk -l /dev/nvme0n1" to list out current partitions.

2. Create an Ubuntu 20.04 LiveUSB and also create a Clonezilla LiveUSB.

3. Boot system from Clonezilla LiveUSB and use it to copy partitions on current 1TB SSD that needs to be preserved. For my case, they are nvme0n1p0 (EFI), nvme0n1p5 (bpool) & nvme0n1p6 (rpool).

4. Install new 2TB SSD into system (remember to disconnect battery while replacing SSD).

5. Boot system from Ubuntu LiveUSB and create partitions that listed from step 1.

6. Boot system from Clonezilla LiveUSB and restore the reserved partitions image.

7. Boot system from Ubuntu LiveUSB and open a Terminal session.

8. On Terminal, import rpool first, "sudo zpool import -d /dev/nvme0n1p6 -R /mnt rpool"

9. Then import bpool, "sudo zpool import -d /dev/nvme0n1p5 -R /mnt bpool"

如何在PVE上修改synoboot.img裡面的grub.conf

本篇是介紹如何在PVE上修改synoboot.img裡面的grub.conf，這樣可以避免DSM把開機USB碟當成外接設備。

synoboot.img的位置應該是在/var/lib/vz/images/{vm_id}/synoboot.img

• 找出可用的loop裝置號碼
  # losetup -f
• 使用losetup將synoboot.img指定到可用的loop裝置號碼
  #losetup -P /dev/loop0 /var/lib/vz/images/{vm_id}/synoboot.img
• 掛載第一個partition，就是EFI partition，也是grub.conf所在的位置
  #mount /dev/loop0p1 tmp
• 已nano編輯grub.conf，改動vid=0x
  #nano tmp/grub/grub.conf

Useful References

Misc

• How to delete GRUB files from a Boot EFI partition in Windows 10
• How to install Pipenv & Virtual Environments
• ntfsclone(8) - Linux man page
  
• 软路由AIO(All In One)ESXi+iKuai+LEDE+黑群晖DSM笔记

ZFS related

• Ubuntu tutorial - Using ZFS Snapshots and Clones
• ZFS Administration, Part XIII- Sending and Receiving Filesystems
• Zrep documentation
• Fast & frequent incremental ZFS backups with zrep
• Automating snapshots with pyznap on Centos 7
• ArchLinux wiki -ZFS
• How to use snapshots, clones and replication in ZFS on Linux
• How to install pyznap
• yboetz/pyznap on github

Xpenology loader

• Jun's loader (DSM 6.x)
• Xpenology loader forum
  
• Tutorial: DSM 6.x on Proxmox

Proxmox VE

• 讓 Proxmox VE 的 ZFS 儲存支援使用 QCOW2
• Proxmox bind mount for OpenVZ – mount storage in a container
  
• Convert dislocker-file to qcow2
  qemu-img convert -f raw -O qcow2 /media/bitlocker/dislocker-file file.qcow2
• Converting between image formats
  

好站連結

• 節省工具箱 Jason Tools